: The dynamic activity or biological functions performed by a substance.
: The inherent qualities of a substance, such as heavy, cold, or sharp, which influence its therapeutic action. Padartha Vijnana
The term literally means "the meaning of a word" ( pada + artha ). In this context, it refers to any object or entity that exists, can be named, and can be experienced. Ayurveda adopts the categorization of the universe into six (and later seven) essential "Padarthas" to explain existence: : The dynamic activity or biological functions performed
: The principle of similarity, where like increases like. In this context, it refers to any object
: The principle of difference, used to decrease opposing qualities.
: Added later to describe the absence of a substance or quality. Practical Application in Ayurveda Hand Book of Padartha Vijnana (Essence of Verses)
: The inseparable relationship between a substance and its properties or actions.