Optimal oxidation typically occurs at an acidic pH (around 3.0 ). This prevents iron precipitation and promotes the formation of active photoactive species. Phase 2: Advanced Oxidation (Fenton/Photo-Fenton) Reagents : Iron (as a catalyst) and Hydrogen Peroxide ( H2O2cap H sub 2 cap O sub 2 ) are added to produce hydroxyl radicals ( ⋅OHcenter dot cap O cap H ), which are highly reactive oxidizing agents. Stoichiometry : The amount of H2O2cap H sub 2 cap O sub 2
required is often determined by the theoretical oxygen demand of the specific dye or pollutant in the water. madeira.rar
: Used to verify the complete mineralization of pollutants into CO2cap C cap O sub 2 and water. Optimal oxidation typically occurs at an acidic pH (around 3
Because advanced oxidation can be expensive, it is often used as a pre-treatment to break down "recalcitrant" (hard-to-digest) molecules into simpler ones that a standard biological treatment (like an activated sludge process) can then finish more cheaply. Common Data Monitored Stoichiometry : The amount of H2O2cap H sub
: A measure of the overall organic pollutant load.