Political philosophy often begins with two central questions: "who gets what?" and "says who?".
Contrast this with Locke’s view, where a moral law exists even without a government, but "inconveniences" (like the lack of an impartial judge) eventually make the State of Nature untenable. 3. Justifying the State
If you'd prefer a different focus, you can use these themes from Jonathan Wolff's work : An Introduction to Political Philosophy by Jonathan Wolff Introduction to Political Philosophy- Jonathan ...
Use Wolff’s analysis to highlight the problem of political obligation . Do we actually consent? Wolff discusses "tacit consent" (consenting by staying in a country) and "hypothetical consent" (what we would do if we were rational), noting that both are philosophically controversial. 4. The Utilitarian Alternative
Mention a common critique Wolff explores—that pure utilitarianism might allow for the sacrifice of innocent individuals for the "greater good". 5. Conclusion Justifying the State If you'd prefer a different
Briefly touch upon the utilitarian argument mentioned by Wolff: the state is justified because it promotes the "greatest happiness for the greatest number" more effectively than anarchy.
Explain how both thinkers use the concept of a social contract—a voluntary agreement among individuals to create a sovereign power. noting that both are philosophically controversial.
Reflect on Wolff’s "Final Word," which suggests that even without a single perfect answer, the act of political philosophizing is essential for navigating modern issues like global justice and equality. Other Potential Essay Topics from the Book