Coyotaje -

While some "coyotes" may be viewed as helpers within their communities, the industry is frequently linked to organized crime and severe risks.

: Migrants face extreme environmental hazards, including dehydration, exhaustion, and violence from both smugglers and authorities in militarized border zones. Coyotaje

The practice is deeply embedded in the borderlands, carrying significant cultural and literary weight. While some "coyotes" may be viewed as helpers

: Authors like Javier Zamora use the motif of "Looking at a Coyote" to explore the harsh realities and emotional toll of the migration journey, often mimicking the rhythm of footsteps in their writing to evoke the physical act of crossing. Coyotaje

: Migrants often pay significant fees for these services, with transactions frequently finalized through encrypted messaging apps like WhatsApp.