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Environmental pollution from organic dyes in wastewater remains a critical global challenge. This study presents a novel of a "cotton floc-like" ZnO–BiOI hybrid material. By combining zinc oxide (ZnO) and bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI), we developed a heterostructure that significantly enhances photocatalytic activity under visible light . The unique morphology improves light absorption and facilitates the separation of photo-generated charge carriers. Our findings demonstrate rapid degradation of organic pollutants, high stability, and ease of recovery from aqueous solutions. 1. Introduction

Below is a summary structured like a full scientific paper based on this specific study.

: The cotton floc-like structure provides a high surface area, which maximizes the contact between the catalyst and pollutants. 124272

: The formation of a p-n heterojunction creates an internal electric field that drives electrons and holes in opposite directions, reducing recombination rates. This synergy leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydroxyl radicals ( ) and superoxide radicals ( ), which Mineralize the organic dyes. 4. Conclusion

: The ZnO–BiOI heterostructure exhibited a significant redshift in light absorption compared to pure ZnO, confirming its efficacy under visible light. Introduction Below is a summary structured like a

The study successfully demonstrates a facile route to highly active ZnO–BiOI photocatalysts. The material’s high degradation efficiency and excellent recovery/reusability make it a promising candidate for practical industrial wastewater treatment.

The number most likely refers to the scientific article "One-step synthesis of highly active cotton floc like ZnO–BiOI: Visible-light photocatalytic performance, recovery and degradation mechanism," published in the Journal of Solid State Chemistry , Volume 327 (2023). recovery and degradation mechanism

: The degradation of organic pollutants (e.g., methylene blue or methyl orange) was monitored under visible light irradiation. 3. Results and Discussion